写作话题答案版.doc

　Education 1. 常见考题

　A． 教育目的 Some people think that university should provide knowledge and skills related to future career; others think the true function of university is to provide knowledge only. What is your opinion of the main function of university? B． 教学方法 Many people use distance-learning programs to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the same benefits of attending college. To what extent do you agree or disagree? C． 学科 Most countries spend lots of money on education. In your opinion which two of the following subjects are the most important for your people and which one is the least important? Literature Sports Mathematics Economics Physics History Music Geography D． 理论与实践

　In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this and give your opinion. E． 教育与就业 In countries where there is a high rate of unemployment, most students should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering secondary education to those who have no hope of finding a job. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　2. 常用思路

　 教育的五大目的：

　1. 德 提高道德标准 2. 智 学习理论知识， 培养独立性思维，创造性思维及分析性思维， 解决问题的能力， 提高人际交流技巧和社交能力， 适应社会 3. 体 提高身体素质 4. 美 自我修养 对艺术和文学的欣赏 5. 劳 学习实用技能 有助于将来就业 Five purposes of education: 1. Moral Improve the moral standard 2. Intellectual Learn theoretical knowledge Cultivate independent ,creative and analytical thinking Problem-solving ability Improve the interpersonal skills and social skills Adapt to the society 3. Physical Develop physical fitness 4. Psychological(aesthetics) Self-cultivation

　 The appreciation of art and literature 5. Work Learn practical skills

　Be beneficial to future career

　3. 素材积累

　 A. 教育目的

　a ．大学应培养学生的 分析性思维及批派性思维。

　What the university should focus on is to develop the analytical and critical thinking of students.

　b． 现如今任何理论知识 只要上网便可以获得，因此获得知识不是大学存在的目的。

　Nowadays, any information can be accessed by the click of the mouse. Therefore, acquiring knowledge

　 Is not the purpose of the university.

　 c．大学也应 培养职场所需的人才。

　The university should also nurture people who the workplace needs most.

　B. 教学方法（远程教育 VS 传统教育）

　a. 传统的教育中的老师在 在学生发展 中扮演重要角色。

　Teachers play a significant role in the development of students.

　 b. 远程教育更加便利。

　The distance learning is more convenient.

　c. 远程教育使 使学生更加 独立。

　The remote learning allows students to be more independent.

　d. 问题的关键不是哪个更好，而是如何使二者结合到一起。

　The question is not which one,

　but how can we combine both.

　 C. 学科

　a． 数学是科技的语言，音乐是情感的语言，英语是解决问题的语言。

　The mathematics is the language of technology, music is the language of emotion and English is the language of problem-solving.

　 b． 数学是一门基础学科，将很多领域 连接到一起。

　Mathematics is a fundamental subject which combiness many different fields together.

　c． 说人文科学更重要还是自然科学更重要这事挺主观的，因为他们都有价值。

　It is somewhat subjective to say which is more important , the humanities or sciences , as both have values .

　 D. 理论实践

　Advantages: a. 扩大视野 Expand one’s outlook

　b. 对未来有清晰认识 Have a clear perspective of future c. 有更好的人脉可以利用 Have better personal resources to draw on Disadvantages: a. 蒙蔽学生思想 Cloud students’ minds

　b. 发现重新适应学术环境很困难 Find it difficult to readapt to the academic environment

　c. 重新回到学校的愿望变得没那么吸引人 The desire of coming back becomes less appealing E. 教育与就业

　好的工作：high-salaried /well-paid /decent job

　a.投资一个人的教育就是投资一个人的未来。

　Investing in one’s education is investing in one’s future.

　b.学历高的人 更容易找到工作，并且在未来会挣得更多。

　Graduates with higher degree are more likely to find a decent job and earn more in the future.

　c.这个问题在短期内是对的，但可能会给社会留下长期的问题。

　 This may be true in the short-term, but it may leaves a long-term problem for the society.

　d. 当关系到确保每个人都能接受合适的教育时，政府不能 采取捷径。

　The government may not take shortcuts when it comes to ensuring everyone receives proper education.

　4. 作业

　In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people to do this and give your opinion. Write at least 120 words

　Environment

　1. 常见考题

　A. 个人环保 Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment; only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what extent do you agree or disagree? B .燃油加价 The best way to solve the world’s traffic and pollution problem is to increase the price fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures might be effective? C.减少航班 Long distance flights use more fuel than cars and pollute the environment. We should discourage non-essential flights instead of limiting the use of the car. To what extent do you agree or disagree? D.人与动物 Some people think it is acceptable to use animals for the benefits of humans. Other people think it is wrong to exploit animals for human purpose. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

　 2 ．常用思路

　 1. 常见环 境问题 a． 气候变化，全球变暖 b． 空气污染，垃圾变多 c. 能源危机，水资源匮乏，森林减少 d. 自然灾害，酸雨，沙尘暴，干旱，水灾

　2. 问题产生原因 人口增长，工业发展，长期人类活动。

　3. 正确的解决办法 a. 世界方面：全球合作，达成共识，制定环境保护的国际标准 b. 政府方面：制定环境保护法律，鼓励低碳经济 c. 科技方面：开发可再生的，绿色能源，投资节 Issues：

　Climate change, global warming

　 Air pollution, the increase of rubbish/garbage

　Energy crisis , water shortage, deforestation

　Natural disasters, acid rain , sand storm ,drought , flood

　Causes:

　the increase of population, the industrial development , the long-term human activity

　 Solutions: Global corporation, reach the agreement, set the international standard of protecting the environment

　Make laws for protecting the environment , encourage the low carbon economy

　Exploit the renewable, green energy , invest in

　能科技。

　d. 公司方面：推出环保产品，引领绿色消费习惯 e. 个人方面：提升环保意识，倡导低碳生活方式。

　energy-saving technology

　Promote the environmental-friendly products

　Lead the green consuming habits

　Raise the awareness in environmental-friendly Encourage low carbon lifestyle

　3. 素材积累

　 A．个人环保 从我们的观点来看，我们的个人习惯可能不重要，但在宏观角度却是很重要的。

　 From our perspectives, our individual habits may seen insignificant , but it indeed very important at the macro level.

　 这是一个既影响个人又影响集体的问题，因此它的解决办法要包含所有人。

　This is a problem that affect us, individually and collectively; therefore, the solution must involve us all.

　B. 燃油加价 但是还有其他各种各样的措施可以被采取，这些措施对措施对这些问题有很大影响。

　 But there are other measures that could be implemented that would have a huge effect on these problems.

　劝说厂商和行人采用新科技，将会是 更有效的解决办法。

　Persuading manufactures and travelers to adopt new technology would be more effective.

　 如果足够多的轻轨和地铁被建立并且有效的维护，那么路上的交通将会有将会急剧减少。

　If sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced.

　C. 减少航班 为了减少污染，我们都应该做出牺牲。

　In order to reduce the pollution ,we all have to make some sacrifices.

　 D. 人与动物 然而其他人指出，人类是特殊的且优于动物，因此人类可以以任何一种他们所需要的方式使用动物。

　Others , however, point out that, the human beings are superior to animals ; therefore, people could exploit animals in whatever way they want.

　 4.作业

　 The best way to solve the world’s environmental problem is to increase the price fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures might be effective? Write at least 250words Technology 1. 常见考题

　 A. 网络生活 It is now possible to perform everyday tasks such as banking, shopping and business transitions without meeting people face to face. What effects may it have on the individual and society as a whole? B.虚拟与现实 Public museums and art galleries are not needed because people can see historical objects and artistic works

　by using computers. To what extent do you agree or disagree? C. 科技产品 There are social, medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phones? D．太空探索 In the last century when an astronaut first arrived on the moon he said “ it is a big step for mankind’, but some people think it makes little difference to our daily life. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　 2. 常用思路

　1. 现代科技的正面影响

　提高工作效率

　便利，任何信息轻点鼠标便可获得

　促进沟通

　获得各种各样的信息，丰富知识

　 2. 现代 科技的负面影响 侵犯个人隐私

　加大的工作压力，

　安全问题，网络犯罪

　不良内容，如色情，暴力

　身体健康问题，辐射，视力下降，户外活 动变少，长时间不运动的生活方式

　心理问题，沉溺于虚拟世界，性格变得孤僻

　 A. Positive impacts

　Improve the work efficiency

　 Convenience , any information can be accessed by the click of the mouse. Improve the communication

　 Acquire various information , enrich our knowledge

　 B. Negative impacts Invade the privacy

　Increase the work pressure.

　Security issue

　 Questionable content ， pornography， violent scenes

　Physical problem, radiation , weaken the eyesight, less outdoor activity , sedentary life style

　 Psychological problem ,be addicted into the virtual world and become isolated

　 3. 素材积累

　A ．

　网络生活

　互联网已经将整个世界放到了我们的指尖上。任何信息只要 轻点鼠标就可以轻松 获得。

　The Internet has put the entire world at our fingertips; any information can be accessed by the click of the mouse.

　 但只 承认积极的影响会有些 目光短浅。

　But only to admit the positive influence would be short-sighted.

　如果便利是我们从所有科技产品中所获得的，那么 人与人的交往就是我们所失去的。

　If convenience is what we gain from all of those technologies , then the personal touch/human interaction

　is what we lose.

　 B ．

　虚拟与现实

　和十年前相比，互联网使我们 不离开桌子便可以看的更多做的更多。

　Compared with a decade ago, the Internet allows us to do and see more without leaving the desk.

　 虚拟的在线世界，可以 补充，但不能替代现实世界。

　The virtual , on-line world could be the complementary , but not substitute the real one.

　C ．

　科技产品

　事实上，很难想象我们的生活中没有了手机会怎么样

　Actually , it is hard to imagine what will happen without mobile phones.

　D ．

　太空探索

　a.太空探索看起来可能像是浪费钱财，但是他的价值要比很多人意识到的还要大。

　 The Space exploration may seem like a waste of time and money , but its value perhaps greater than most realize.

　 b.我们要承认，太空探索潜移默化的影响着我们的生活。

　 We have to admit that space exploration ripples our life.

　 4. 作业

　The Internet has dramatically altered our lives over the past few decades. Although some of these changes have been negative, the overall effect of this technology has been positive. Do you agree or disagree? Write at least 250 words Advantages ：

　变革交流方式（微信，微博）

　Revolutionize the way we communicate (Wechat,Weibo )

　网上的信息都是实用的 The information available on the Internet is reliable

　 方便快捷 Convenience

　Disadvantages ：

　性格孤立 Become isolated

　 身体问题 Physical problems

　Government 1. 常见考题

　A. 健康医疗 Some people think that good health is essential to every person, so medical services should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the advantages of private health care outweigh the disadvantages? B. 住房短缺 Housing shortages in big cities can have severe consequences. Only government action can solve this

　problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree? C. 交通问题 As the number of cars increase, more money has to be spent on road systems. Some people think the government should pay for this. Others, however, think that the user should pay for the cost. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. D. 女性 Some people think we need more female leaders to create world peace and reduce violence. To what extent do you agree or disagree? E．老龄化社会 In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on society? F．经济 Economic progress is one way to measure the success of a country, while some people think there are other factors. What other factors should be considered? Within these factors, do you think anyone is more important than the others?

　 2. 常用思路

　 1. 每个政府的基本责任：

　保卫国家安全 维护社会稳定 提高社会福利 完善公共设施

　2. 政府有能力汇集并支配各种各样 的资源

　3. 政府应该投入大量的预算在，，，

　 4. 政府应优先重视教育，科技和人类基本需求， 然后投资娱乐设施，丰富人们的文化生活

　 Ensure national security

　Stabilize the society

　Improve the social welfare

　Perfect the public facilities

　 The government have the ability to pool and dominate various resources

　 The government should invest a large proportion of its budget in doing

　The government should give top priority to education , technology and the basic human needs, then invest in entertainment facilities to enrich people’s life.

　3. 素材积累

　 A. 健康医疗

　a. 显而易见地，理想的选择是私人和公共健康保险的综合。

　Obviously , the ideal choice is to combine both public and private insurance.

　b. 因此通过将两个系统益处的综合，我们可以保持身体健康。

　So by combining the benefits of both systems we can achieve health care.

　 B. 住房短缺

　a. 如果政府不采取措施，后果将会很严重。高房价将拉大穷人和富人之间的差距。

　If the government do not act, the consequence would be severe.

　b. 责任在于政府对房地产实施合理控制。

　The responsibility rests with governments to place reasonable controls on the estate market.

　 C. 交通

　从另外一个角度考虑，纳税人支付也并不是全无道理的。

　To consider it from another angle , a pay-for-use system is not entirely unreasonable.

　 D. 女性

　然而不幸的是，这样的结论实在是太天真了。

　 Unfortunately , such a conclusion is too naïve.

　 第二点需考虑的是问题的根源要远深于性别。如果我们真的想解决问题的话，我们需要关注一下因素：贫穷，宗教，种族。关注这些问题将会更加有效。

　The second point we need to consider is that the root of the problem is much deeper than gender. If we are serious about solving the problem , we need to focus on the underlying issues: poverty, religion, and racism. Concentrating on these problems would be more effective.

　 我们做需要的是让更多的市民参与到使社会变得更美好的过程中，而不是仅仅依赖于政府为我们解决问题。

　 What we need is for all citizens to become more involved in making our societies , instead of just relying the government to solve the problem for us.

　E ．

　老龄化社会

　政府应意识到老龄化社会带来的挑战，并采取合适的措施。

　The government should recognize the challenge of an aging society and take appropriate measures.

　F ．

　经济

　当然，使一个国家变得伟大的并不是他的 GDP 有多高，而是他有多文明。

　 Surely , what makes a country great is not its GDP but how civilized it is .

　4. 作业

　Some people think we need more female leaders to create world peace and reduce violence. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

　Culture 1. 常见考题

　 A. 多元文化 Multicultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this conclusion? B. 旅游 International travel is becoming cheaper, and countries are opening their doors to more and more tourists. Do the advantages of increased tourism outweigh its disadvantages? C. 语言 In order to learn a language well, we should learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree? D. 快餐食品 In many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by international fast foods. This is having a negative effect on both families and societies. To what extent do you agree or disagree? E． 媒体 Today, there are more images of disasters and violence in the media. What are the causes and what are your

　solutions? 2. 常用思路

　1. 衣 基本需求满足后的必然结果 满足虚荣心 2. 食 快餐符合快节奏的生活方式 对传统文化造成威胁 营养价值不高，高卡路里 3. 住 传统建筑有美学价值，并且是文化遗产 现代建筑符合城市化发展趋势 4. 行 开阔视野 促进城市经济发展 给当地环境带来巨大压力 5. 多元文化 加强文化交流，理解与尊重 语言障碍，文化冲击， 歧视，宗教矛盾

　It is an inevitable trend after meeting the basic requirements

　Fulfill the peacockery

　Be consistent with the fast-paced lifestyle

　Pose a threat to the traditional culture

　Less nutritious and high calories

　 Esthetic value , cultural heritage Be consistent with the urbanization trend

　 Broaden one’s horizon

　Promote the development of the city

　Place a heavy burden on the environment

　 Strengthen the cultural communication

　Language barrier , cultural shock

　Discrimination , religious tension

　 3. 素材积累

　 A ．

　多元文化

　一个多元文化的社会既有好处也有坏处，但可以肯定的说它的好处多于坏处。

　While there are both benefits and drawbacks to a multicultural society , it is safe to say that the pros outweigh the cons.

　 B ．

　旅游

　但事情不总是那么完美的。

　This is not always a perfect picture.

　这对每个人来说，将会是双赢的局面。

　This will result in a win-win situation for everyone.

　 C ．

　语言

　我们首先应该考虑的是，语言是如何被社会和文化所塑造的。

　 The first thing we need to consider is that how language is shaped by the society and culture.

　 此外，更为重要的是，我们应该考虑到学习第二外语的目的：去交流。

　 In addition, more importantly, we should recognize the purpose of learning a second language: to communicate .

　D ．

　快餐食品

　当衡量优点和缺点时，事情便变得很明确了，虽然他们有一些优点，但是缺点要多于优点。

　When outweighing the pros and cons , it becomes clear that while they have some benefits , the drawbacks clearly outweigh them.

　 E ．

　媒体

　每一天每一小时，我们周围都充斥着负面的消息，导致一些人认为我们的社会正在失去控制。

　Every day and every hour, we are flooded with negative news leading someone to believe that the society is out of control.

　因此问题的关键源于媒体和读者之间的关系上。

　So the question really stems from the relationship between readers and the media.

　 4. 作业

　International travel is becoming cheaper, and countries are opening their doors to more and more tourists. Do the advantages of increased tourism outweigh its disadvantages?

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